Characteristics of Cross-Examination
- Impeachment of Credibility: Cross-examination is an essential tool for impeaching the witness’s credibility. The cross-examiner can question the witness’s character, previous inconsistent statements, bias, or any other factors that might affect the reliability of their testimony.
- Hostile Witness: If a witness, during cross-examination, is adverse or unwilling to testify favourably for the party calling them, they can be declared a “hostile witness.” In such cases, the cross-examiner can ask leading questions even during the examination-in-chief.
- Re-Examination: After the cross-examination is completed, the party who called the witness has the right to re-examine the witness. Re-examination is limited to clarifying any issues raised during cross-examination and cannot introduce new matters.
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